The negative effects of any perceived complicity in human rights violations carried out by; on behalf of; or with the acquiescence of extractive industry companies, have potentially far reaching effects.
These effects could include:
- Criminal Prosecution by State Instrument
- Civil Law Suit; most prevalent US Alien Tort Claims Act (1789)
- Criminal Prosecution by International or National instrument e.g. International Criminal Court, US Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO Act)
- Adverse NGO/Media attention, investigation and reporting
- Negative impact on shareholder confidence, company share value and brand reputation
- Loss of community, governmental or other stakeholder support